Baruch Spinoza

Baruch Spinoza was born in Amsterdam and was given a Jewish traditional upbringing. He was educated at the congregation’s academy where he received all the necessary education in regard to the perceptions of the Jewish community at that time. Most of the teachings in the academy by then constituted of religious education, prophetic writings and commentaries in rabbinical.His excellence in this area however did not give him a reason to seek higher studies but rather left school to work in his family business. History has it that it was his curious and critical nature that later brought forth a conflict between him and the Jewish community.With the death of his father during the England and the France war, his mother having died earlier, he embarked on philosophy and optics and it is believed that eventually the cause of his death was a result of glass dust inhaled while tending to his optic trade (Richard, 1999, 52). The Jewish community in which he was brought up together with the businesses that he conducted gave him the opportunity of interacting with many and more diverse thoughts than those he had been accustomed to while in school and also in the family life.Important here is the contact he made with the free thinking Protestants who gave him an interest in a wide variety of theological thinking and current developments in science and philosophy. It was as history has it through colleges that were organized by these free thinkers that he was exposed to what can be referred to as Cartesian thought besides the desire to learn and understand his own traditions. His desire to learn his traditions led him to start writing for philosophical figures such as Gersonides and later to expand his intellect in which case he sought the tutelage of Franciscus Enden who was an Ex-Jesuit.His tutor turned out to be most helpful to Spinoza as he had interest in many fields such as medicine which kept him seeking for all the latest developments in sciences. According t o history, Franciscus was also well known to have an irreligious cast of mind and a passion in advocating for political ideas that reflected democracy for all. In essence, the knowledge that Spinoza attained from Enden gave him a diverse view of the society and largely contributed to his works in philosophy.In addition, the intellectual orientation that he acquired from his tutor led to an increase in his unorthodox views and reluctance in observing the laws of the community a thing that eventually threatened to strain his relationship with the Jewish community. In the year 1656, tensions with the elders of the community had grown to an extent that they sought to excommunicate him accusing him of abominable heresies and extending to him a series of curses (Richard, 1999, 47). The excommunication given to him also prohibited him from communicating with others in the community.It also prohibited the community members from participating in business with him, coming into close proximity with him under all circumstances or studying anything written by him. This rendered him to be an outcast in the community despite the fact that he was by birth a Jew. All this events did not hinder his association with his tutor as opposed to his business. In contrast, he continued with his studies and even took various trips to the university to study the Cartesian philosophy.He was later to settle in Leiden in the same period and also embarked on his literary career. His first work is recorded in Treatise on the Emendation of the Intellect. In this work he attempted to offer a method that would allow the mind to form philosophical ideas that are distinct and clear and which would allow for perfection. The work also contained an extended treatment of definition, an analysis of the causes and nature of doubt and a reflection on the various forms of knowledge.This work was however left unfinished and was later followed by the Short Treatise on God, Man and His Well Being and it was this work that reflected his interest in ethics. Though much of his work was based on the ideas of Descartes, Spinoza never acknowledged all the conclusions of him largely because he did not wish to be seen as a Cartesian. In his later work and with the help of the geometric method used by Descartes in philosophy, he sought to fully integrate geometric methods in presenting his own thoughts. This method forms the basis of most of his works thereafter the year 1665.By then, his work which was later to be known as Ethics was being circulated amongst and by his friends back at home despite the fact that is was only inform of a draft. In this context, the religious and political environment of that time did not allow him to complete the Ethics but rather he sought to embark on other works which would prepare the audience for the Ethics. Later in his work known as the Theological- Political Treatise, he sought to argue the freedom of thought enhanced the security and the stability of the society rather than undermining it in the long run.It was in this work that Spinoza sought to demonstrate that the threat to the freedom of thought came largely from the clergy accusing the later of using the superstitions and fears of the people in an effort to maintain power. He thus argued that the sovereign should exercise the authority of ruling the people as opposed to the clergy and that it was the sovereign that was supposed to extend liberty to the people, giving them the right to adhere to the minimal creed that was neutral in regard to the various sects and their meanings in the lives of the people.This was largely aimed at enabling the philosophers of the time to exercise their freedoms free from any constraints from sectarianism. This work ignited a lot of criticism from the opponents of philosophical ideas and the authorities who accused Spinoza of having nefarious intentions while writing it. Some of his friends were also uncomfortable with his latest work and togeth er with the other opponents accused Spinoza of atheism a thing that he greatly resented himself. In the end, he was forced to move out to Hague where he spent all the rest of his life.His exile life did not hinder him from undertaking further writings but rather he pressed on though none of his work thereon was to be published until after his death. Even after his death, his work now published in Holland experienced a lot of criticism and at some point was abolished in the country. Perhaps it would be right to say that it was Ethics that saw the popularity and the expertise of Spinoza grow in the field of philosophy. The Ethics was encompassed in five books with the first concentrating on God and the meaning of substance.The second of these books deals largely on the knowledge and the mind whereas the third, fourth and the fifth books deals mostly with ethical discussions including the enslavement of the humans by their emotions, the human freedom and passion. In this regard, his wo rk on the treatise dealt mostly on the human freedom realization through the analysis of passion and knowledge and the conflict between the two. To him and evident in many of his works, any knowledge theory, psychology of the nature of the humans and any metaphysics could be compared to an ethic that sought to explain the purpose of human life (Jonathan, 1999, 89).In Ethics, Spinoza makes the use of a basic presumption which can be seen as rational and which states that to the intellect, the nature of the world is transparent in the sense that the dependence amongst the states and events in nature can be seen as reflections of the dependence amongst the various ideas held by the human. His argument was that each and everything existing in nature or the universe in other words represents only one reality or what can be referred to as substance and that the rules governing the reality surrounding the human life and which he is a part of as a whole are encompassed in only one set.He vi ewed nature and God as representing only one reality or substance and that it is this substance that forms the basis of the universe (Francks, 2003, 99) Spinoza further argued that all entities in this substance are only modifications and that it is nature itself that determine the existence of all other things and their causality to other things. In this regard, he asserts that for one to understand the complex chain of causes and effects one must first strive to understand the various parts that constitute it as a whole.In arguing for a single substance he says the substance is not dependent on anything else for its existence and that it is impossible for two substances to share the same attributes or nature. He argued that since substance can be conceived as being self dependent, then God can simply be seen as the only necessary being who despite this, is not distinct from the world. In this context, he sees God as the only existing substance with all other substances owing their existence to Him.On the other hand, God is immanent to the world and any existing individual things are as a result of modifications done by Him (Thomas, 1999, 58). In the same work, he extends his monism to the mind and matter arguing that each of them represented a characteristic of appreciating an eternal reality that was the same. He asserts that the universal substance consists of mind and body with no difference between the two. This argument was later to form a significant solution to the problem of mind and body commonly referred to as neutral monism.He argued that the disclosure of the very essential nature of things could be attributed to intellect as opposed to senses. To him, an adequate and complete idea in regard to God reveals two attributes about Him. In this context, God can be conceived through thinking or through extension. As opposed to other philosophical and theological works that gives God the aspect of infinity, the methods explained by Spinoza explains that each of the above named ways of conceiving God helps in disclosing the attributes of his presence (Cohn-Sherbok, 1997, 68).According to him, humans should endeavor to increase their knowledge about God or the one reality and this can be done by discovering ways in which He or it in case of the reality constitutes a reality that is complete and self sufficiently unified and in which all the happenings that take place are necessary. He further argues that thinking forms a consciousness of the body and that the same mode should be conceived both under the attributes of thought and extension. In this regard, the body and the mind are seen as casually unrelated but rather as parallel expressions of only one reality.He argues further that in the system thought as dominated by God, error and evil requires explanations and in this context, he identify each with privation. In essence, he defines error as the lack of sufficient ideas and evils as the absence that express no essence. Spinoza in his work also sought to show that human senses provides modifications of the body as opposed to knowledge and that it is only through seeing them as true that we can be able to understand them (Samuelson, 1998, 48).Further, Spinoza seeks to explain human freedom or free will through the concept of time in which he contends that freedom encompasses the capacity of the humans to conceive the world in terms of eternity and free from the bondage of desires and emotions. He argues the free will result from the realization by the humans of their appetites on one hand and their failure to understand and conceptualize the reasons behind their needs and actions.Emotions and desires to Spinoza are just results of the ignorance of those causes that determine the human race (Cohn-Sherbok, 1997, 57). Further more, he argues that adequate cognition results into agency and activity. For one therefore to acquire adequacy, he first have to understand his emotions. In this context, he attempted to provide a geometry for emotions to demonstrate that humans are mostly driven by the unknown only to improve and gain control over them once they understand their motivations.In conclusion, he argues that religion, science and philosophy consists an intellectual love for God thus are identical (Schwartz, 2002, 105). In his writings on politics, Spinoza borrows much from the experience he gained from the political system of the time which he used as a basis for his theory on government. He argued that it was the business of the state to avoid putting limits on the exercise of reasons by humans but rather it should attempt to provide the necessary conditions in which reason and its exercise can flourish.Thus to him, constitutional democracy is a necessary and sufficient condition for the provision of a forum of freedom of opinion and reason within the law framework. In essence, he shares the assumptions of Hobbes in regard to the social contract in his political writings. This assumpt ion can be states that a contract is only binding if it is for the advantage of one and that right is derived from power. The basis of his political power is mostly organized around the notion of freedom more so the freedom of enquiry (Julian, 2006, 121).Spinoza’s works has been greatly translated all over the world in the modern times and he is considered to be one of the most influential figures in philosophy. In addition, his works have influenced other fields besides philosophy such as the field of science and literature. The outstanding influence of his works however remains in philosophy with modern philosophers adopting them in teaching and in formulating their own works. Despite the earlier ban of his work in Holland shortly after his death and publication of most of it, his work has greatly being adapted in many areas today.In his works, he sought to explain and bring into the light many concepts which he believed would help in understanding the substance concept and the concept of human freedom on the other hand. Though borrowing much from the works of the earlier philosophers notably Descartes and Hobbes, he always retained his position in making or reaching conclusions. At times he rejected their conclusions and offered his own warning the reader that those conclusions were not necessarily right.Benedict de Spinoza died in a rented room in Hague where he had gone to spend the rest of his life after conflicts with the authorities in Holland and it is believed that he died of a respiratory problem caused by the glass dust inhaled during his optic grinding (Francks, 2003, 98). Work Cited Cohn-Sherbok Dan. Fifty Key Jewish Thinkers. London, Routledge, 1997, pp. 57, 68 Francks Richard. Modern Philosophy: The Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries. London, Routledge, 2003, pp. 98, 99 Jonathan Israel. Dutch Jewry: Its History and Secular Culture (1500-2000). London, Brill, 2002, pp. 89Julian Wolfreys. Modern Criticism and Theory: A Critical Guide. Ne w York, Edinburgh University Press, 2006, pp. 121 Richard H. The Columbia History of Western Philosophy. Columbia, Columbia University Press, 1999, pp. 47, 52 Samuelson Norbert. An Introduction to Modern Jewish Philosophy. New York, State University of New York Press, 1998, pp. 48 Schwartz Dov. Faith at the Crossroads: A Theological Profile of Religious Zionism. London, Brill, 2002, pp. 105 Thomas Edmund. Writers and Philosophers: A Sourcebook of Philosophical Influences on Literature. London, Greenwood Press, 1999, p

Madre de Cacao

Gliricidia Sepium is known as Madre de Cacao or Kakawate. Madre de Cacao is common here in the Philippines. This plant has a great benefits in treatment on the skin and also it is use for antimicrobial. This plant is a natural insect repellant. It is toxic to humans when it mixed with rice or maize ( also known as corn ) which is use as rat killer. The researchers choose this kind of plant is because it has a capability to kill parasitic mites which may help to the animals who are now experiencing skin disease like mange ( skin disease of a dog and cats ).If this disease are continuing to be further this may transfer to humans that may experience skin disease which is called scabies. The group of researchers has a goal to determine if this plant can use as treatment for the dogs that are experiencing mange. B. Statement of the problem : This study generally aims to find out if kakawate leaves can be used as as parasitic mites killer in dogs and cats†¦ More specifically, study ai ms to determine the following †¢How long it will take for the extract to take effect †¢Amount of extract more effectiveC. Significance of the study: Among people dog is usually chosen as their own pet, because of its great skills and caring as an animal. Aside from knowing them as â€Å" Man’s Best friend† they are also used to be the guards in our home. Dogs really need to avoid burglars and lessen the crime. Dogs can’t avoid from having a disease one of this is Mange. It may transfer to humans if this disease will continue to spread.This study aim to help dogs from avoiding skin disease such as mange, with help of Madre de Cacao (Kakawate) it may give a solution. D. Scope and Limitation: The researcher will just focus on the study concerning the extract Madre de cacao as parasitic mites killer. The study only limits the effect of Madre de cacao as parasitic mites killer. This plant has no bad effects in the animals and humans. This plant is toxic whe n it mixed with rice and maize ( also known as corn)

Asian Exclusion Laws Essay Research Paper There

Asiatic Exclusion Laws Essay, Research Paper There were a really big figure of local, province, and federal Torahs that were specifically aimed at interrupting the flow of Chinese and Nipponese immigrants to the United States. Two of the major Torahs were the 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act and the 1907-1908 Gentleman s Agreement. Although the Torahs had some differences, they were rather similar and had similar impacts on the immigrant population. The 1882, Congress enacted the Chinese Exclusion Act, which outlawed Chinese in-migration. It besides explicitly denied naturalisation rights to Chinese, intending they were non allowed to go citizens, as they were non free Whites. Prior to the Chinese Exclusion Act, some 300,000 labourers arrived in California, and the act was intended to chiefly forestall the entry of more labourers. The transition of the Chinese Exclusion Act was the first effort by Congress to censor a group of immigrants based on race or colour. The lone Chinese that lawfully entered the United States during the six decennaries the Exclusion Act was in topographic point were those in exempted categories such as merchandisers, pupils, diplomats, and travellers ( Chan ) . An unknown figure illicitly entered through the Canadian and Mexican boundary lines and many others entered as paper boies. The act did non forestall Chinese in-migration per Se ; it merely prevented most legal in-migration. The 1907-1908 Gentleman s Agreement was the consequence of a struggle between the San Francisco school board and the Asian ( peculiarly Nipponese ) community related to school segregation. President Roosevelt made an understanding with the Nipponese authorities. In exchange for the school board s leting Nipponese pupils to go to white schools in California, the Nipponese authorities agreed to halt publishing passports to labourers. ( Chan ) Despite the passage of the Gentleman s Agreement, some 120,000 Nipponese arrived in California during the 15 old ages continuing the understanding ( Chan ) . The two pieces of statute law were similar in that they attempted to hold the in-migration of labourers. It seemed the United States authorities was directing a message that they wanted merely educated, professional immigrants from Asiatic states, and there was no longer a demand for the labourers they one time welcomed. The Chinese Exclusion Act and the Gentleman s Agreement were both blazing efforts by the United States to shut the door to Asiatic immigrants. While other pieces of statute law were simply punitory to the immigrants already here, such as the Alien Land Laws and the Foreign Miners Tax, these clearly aimed to deny Asiatic immigrants entry to the United States. The Gentleman s Agreement was less restrictive than the Chinese Exclusion Act, as it allowed Nipponese adult females to come in the United States. From the beginning of the Nipponese in-migration there was an apprehension that adult females would be allowed to come in the U.S. , and the Gentleman s Agreement did non revoke that. The Chinese Exclusion Act and the Gentleman s Agreement were rather similar with similar impacts on the immigrant population, although their names suggest otherwise. The Chinese Exclusion Act sounds really rough, while the Gentleman s Agreement sounds more genteel. Deceptive names aside, the two pieces of statute law were really much the same.

Discussion Questions and Participation Questions Essay - 1

Discussion Questions and Participation Questions - Essay Example The energy usage of the company should be reduced by 15% by the year 2012. The company is going to have to develop its renewable energy program further to achieve this goal. The CO2 should be reduced by another 10% by the year 2012. A popular product at Coca Cola is its 20z bottles soft drinks. These bottles are used for the classic coca cola and for other soft drinks the company sponsors. The product is currently in its mature phase of its product life cycle. An environmental lifecycle assessment of this product shows that the packaging material utilized by the company is causing great harm to the environment. The company sells every year over 2 billion bottles of these products. That is lot of plastic that is being wasted to package the bottle. The company recognized the existence of this problem which is contributing to the depletion of the crude oil natural resource. Coca Cola invested $60 million to create the world largest recycled bottling plant. The end state goal of the company is to achieve 100% usage of plastic recycled material. This plant will enable the company to come closer to the goal. Water scarcity is major problem the world is facing. There are regions in the planet that are facing major issues due the lack of water. One of the most affected regions in the world is Sub-Saharan Africa. The water stewardship program at Cola-Cola goes beyond setting operation agendas on how to reduce water consumption and improve the quality of water. The program also raises awareness worldwide about water scarcity in poor communities. You mentioned the importance of reducing green house emissions. This goal is essential in order to reduce air pollution. CO2 emissions are the top contributor that is causing global warming. You also mentioned that the company is using hybrid technology in its selection of its truck fleet. The ground transportation vehicle fleet of the company is an area in which the company could improve by replacing all of its

Week 6 Discussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Week 6 Discussion - Assignment Example â€Å"A primary goal of any website or blog should be to provide its visitors with a pleasant and fulfilling experience† (Dailyblogstips). I believe that Wal-Mart should expand into any area of business that will increase its sales activity. The firm has grown so much internationally that it should be willing to provide personalized services such as ship to site services. Wal-Mart is a multinational corporation and the firm should be open to obtaining new clients in new markets by capitalizing on the brand value of the company. My general impression of Wal-Mart’s website is that the company is doing a good job of expanding its business using an e-commerce strategy. In 2010 ecommerce sales generated $152.1 billion in the United States (Plunkett Research). The company has to invest in developing its website to compete with other online retailers in the U.S. and abroad. As the biggest retailer in the world Wal-Mart has to capitalize on its brand value to generate more business from its online

The period of time when most egyptians came to u.s Essay

The period of time when most egyptians came to u.s - Essay Example Ten years after the war, a high population of Egyptian professionals of educated elites left their country. A great number of the immigrants who left Egypt between 1967 and 1977 settled in countries with positive legislations that could support supported them. Skilled employees also went to America during this period. Currently the number of Egyptians staying in America is an approximate number ranging from one to two million. One of the factors that favored the migration of the Egyptians to the U.S was the Immigration and Nationality act, passed in 1965. The legislation privileged the migration of professionals and skilled employees to the country, with emphasis on scientists. Most of the immigrants from Egypt settled in various places including New Jersey, Florida and Texas among other southern states mainly occupied by blacks. The southern states were favorable for the Egyptians to occupy because of the temperatures. It is noteworthy that most Egyptians would like to gain permanent residence in America. The role of resolution 242 in creating stability in Egypt, presided by the UN (Cortas, 2009) and Lord Caradon, Britain was

3 Reseach articles Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

3 Reseach articles - Research Paper Example All players were examined physically and underwent neuropsychological testing to establish baseline values. Players who sustained concussion, identified by failing tests requiring intact memory and orientation, were continuously assessed till its resolution. Players were repeatedly assessed at predetermined intervals by the similar neuropsychological tests used for baseline testing. The scores of neuropsychological tests and self reported symptoms of players were compared in both the groups using a between-subjects multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) (Macciocchi et al, 2001) . Additional statistical analysis was performed to compare scores of players experiencing 2 injuries after their first (T1) and second (T2) injuries to determine whether a second concussion led to a change in cognitive functioning. Additionally, scores were compared between players sustaining 2 concussions in close temporal proximity and players sustaining second injury over 2 or more seasons. Also, to examine the time related changes, pretest and posttest results of subjects with 2 concussions were analyzed with a within-subject MANOVA. Test results showed no significant difference between players with a single injury (S) and players who sustained 2 injuries, either at the time of their first injury or second injury. Players who sustained 2 injuries showed no significant differences in test scores after their first injury and second injury. Improvement in scores was seen in players after their second concussion as compared to pretest scores. Concussions significantly increased the number of symptom complaints at 24 hours and 5 days postinjury in both the groups, but symptoms were comparable to pretest levels by 10 days postinjury. The investigators concluded that there was no significant difference in the degree of neurocognitive impairment with 2 grade 1 concussive injuries sustained at least 2 weeks apart in

The most appropriate strategy for the segmented UK market Essay

The most appropriate strategy for the segmented UK market - Essay Example 112). This is the initial tip in attaining a feasible market for these products. The company should, first of all, deal with feasible products for introduction into the market. In this sense, it better to deal with t-shirts and simple top clothes. Additionally, it should concern with jeans clothes and jackets. A modern addition to the same pertains to khaki products. This is because they possess perpetuity in fashion world. In this sense, the products face a high certainty of sales. In terms of style and design, it is essential that the company separates its clothes products in terms of functionality and appearance. However, the functionality will rely on appearance and psychology games as pertains to the customers. For example, there could be light denim for hot weather. On the other hand, heavily designed denim would be for cold weather. In another sense, there could be workman oriented clothes or street articulated clothes. Additionally, there could be quality differences in terms of costs. In terms of denim products, fine clothes would represent better quality. However, this should occur within a range of fineness that remains fashionable for the young age. This means that the company should not compromise on the quality because the same would necessitate a divergent range of prices. In close relation to the same the company should entail various sizes to clothes. ... However, a market study should entail average prices for both female and male markets. For instance, there is a recent preference for fitting clothes among the male markets. This means that should all cloths should strive towards average definition of size. In terms of prices, there are few factors to consider in the same. To begin with, there should be range of prices that customers should be aware. In this sense, the fashion line creates a sense of quality and affordability of the same. Market segments are divisible into two vital aspects. For instance, the marketing team should consider the lower income sections. In addition to the same, the marketing team should consider the higher income groups. This is achievable in terms of placement and distribution. In higher income neighborhoods, they should set higher prices. That is because such a group considers high quality which is to coincide with prices. Low prices might connote poor quality of clothes. However, there is a highly fas hion conscious group among the high income earners. This group would be slightly price sensitive thereby the prices should be reasonable in order that the fashion line does not lose the group. In terms of low income neighborhoods, the stores should have slightly higher prices than the average consumer prices in such areas. This should be higher by only 20 percent. This is because such consumers would perceive such clothes as of better quality than their daily products. In terms of promotion, there would be notable aspects to the same. To begin with, the clothes market is a wide one that needs marketing techniques that reach an extensive audience. The immediate audience for such products would pertain to the UK consumers. It is crucial to note that the marketing

Critical Issues Review #2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Critical Issues Review #2 - Essay Example In identifying future strategy for imminent war, Clausewitz states that a determination of necessary resources will entail an examination of the political aims of both the potential warring states; the strength and nature of political aims and the abilities of government and people of both.2 It is also necessary to factor into this equation, the political sympathies of other states and the implications of war on the directly warring states as well as other states which may be affected by it, which in itself is a colossal task and thus requires flexibility in military planning and execution. Moltke;s views on war strategy were also in line with Clausewitz, in that he accepts the major role played by chance and uncertainty, and also the existence of a moral element in war which contributes towards victory. However, he differed from Clausewitz in his belief that politics and war cannot be mingled with each other; policy should not be the guiding force that influences military operations. In his view, â€Å"policy uses war for the attainment of its goals; it works decisively at the beginning and end of war† but where strategy is concerned, it â€Å"works best for the goals of policy, but in its actions is fully independent of policy.3 Thus, according to Moltke, while it is likely that policy decisions may set out the initial objectives of war, once war has been declared, political ends are to be achieved only through military means; battle becomes the single means for military and grand national strategy. Machiavelli recognizes the importance of adaptability, in view of its changing nature of war and offers the view that â€Å"he errs the least and will be most favored by fortune who suits his proceedings to the times† and illustrates this with the examples of Hannibal and Scipio.4 Machiavelli points out that the ability of

Spartacus 1960 - Defining freedom and evoking compassion Essay

Spartacus 1960 - Defining freedom and evoking compassion - Essay Example A gut wrenching storyline within the movie revolves around Tony Curtis, playing Antoninus, who is a beautiful young man who is put in a position to have his sexuality compromised by powerful Roman citizen, Marcus Licinius Crassus, played by Laurence Olivier. The central scene that creates the insinuation was cut from the original film but was later restored on DVD, giving a powerful new dimension to the character Antoninus that Curtis portrayed. Antoninus can now be viewed as a symbol for those who are sexually enslaved, who cannot say no for one reason or another, and are and have been victimized throughout history. His vulnerability can be seen to represent those whose bodies are used without consent, including slaves, children, and women who have been oppressed as the possessions of men through history. As a viewer, one is driven towards a protective emotional state when Curtis is threatened by sexual victimization. Spartacus was a powerful gladiator, however it was not his physic al strength that made him a formidable leader, but his cunning in using what could be found along their travels in order to combat the Roman forces. The story of Spartacus informs the viewer of the possibilities of the human spirit, while revealing the darkness that can come from having power over another person. Watching Spartacus (1960) is like experiencing a bittersweet triumph, the heart breaking as he dies, but the spirit soaring on the wings of his accomplishment in freeing the hearts of so many.

Inspector Goole Essay Example for Free

Inspector Goole Essay I believe such cliff-hangers put the characters in a defensive and confused mood and they left wanting to know what is to happen next. Who thought the inspector knew a lot therefore they have to co-operate by telling the truth and this makes the jig-saw puzzle of the mysteries easily soluble. That is the scenes with each Act are easily identifiable as the initial atmosphere is established, as the focus moves from one character to the next and as the family seeks to explain the evenings events. At the end of the play, the audience are shocked and surprised that inspector Goole, who has acted professionally, so it seems, has turned out to be a fraud and a fake. Afterwards, the audience, I presume, becomes more confused and bewildered. The plan was a type of whos done it (by Agatha Christie) which progressively builds up and heightens the supernatural nature of the mystery surrounding the inspector. However, the inspector has successfully made Sheila and Eric confessed their guilt and irresponsible behaviour towards Eva Smith yet the inspector leaves the audience guessing who actually is responsible for the death of Eva Smith, and the audience having learnt that the inspector is a fake, makes them more surprised at his professional manner and style of his interrogation and enquiries. Initially, the role of the fake Inspector Goole, who visits the Birling family residence and to interrogate them about the supposed suicidal death of Eva Smith, tries to make the characters aware of the broader view of responsibility because before the entry of Inspector Goole in Act one, Mr Birling tells the two young lads Gerald and Eric that,  A man has to mind his own business and look after himself and his own After the inspector has given his speech of Love, the three; Mr and Mrs Birling and Gerald are adamant and refuse to accept any responsibility on their part, which contributed to the death of Eva Smith. Before the end of the play, Gerald Croft rings the infirmary to confirm the death of Eva Smith and the falsehood of his cocked up story of the death of a young woman now on a slab at the infirmary. Mr and Mrs Birling and Gerald are in jubilant and triumphant mood that they have been vindicated that no girl has died and the infirmary hasnt had a suicide for months. Just then, the phone rings. This time, it is a real inspector who confirms that indeed a young girl has died drinking disinfectant and is on the way to the infirmary. Then inspector wishes to visit the Birlings (second time round) for a fresh investigation. I therefore believe that this is proof of Priestleys use of time as element of his play. Now the audience are left in no doubt that the events of the play are going to start all over again because according to theory of nature of time, the cycle of identical lives will be repeated if people involved change nothing of significance. J.B Priestley wants to convey a moral and social message that we all should think, feel and act like responsible people in the community helping one another. I believe that the sort of audience who went to the theatre in 1945 were, naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve and ignorant but rich and powerful. Despite the ignorance of the audience, they were wealthy and powerful people of the society at that time after the Second World War. Therefore, they could easily identify with the Birlings. These people are selfish, uncompromising and thought of themselves and their families and disregarded the plight of the poor and disadvantaged members of society. This is vividly in Mr Birlings advice to Eric and Gerald;   but I care. I was almost certain for a knighthood in the next Honours List-  Having identified themselves with the Birlings, I feel that the audience will feel guilty for being irresponsible and selfish towards the poor and disadvantaged in the society. Therefore I believe if injustice and inequality are allowed to flourish in the society, mistakes of the old generation will repeat itself in generations to come. The play encourages the audience to learn from the mistakes of the past and to recognize that selfish pursuit of riches and power can be destructive. J.B Priestley encourages his modern audience to see that capitalism has many victims. He also makes them aware that our lives are linked and that our behaviour affects one another to see the need to create a better society. Nevertheless, the modern society reacts to the characters in the same way in the sense that the rich are becoming richer and the poor becoming poorer, due to the selfishness and inward looking of the wealthy and powerful over the less advantaged members of society. I feel Priestleys use of surprise interrogations and inquiries do not work in modern times. This is because before an inspector of the police visits a residence to interrogate, he first makes himself known by producing his identity card. I believe the end is a surprise because after inspector Gooles speech, the real inspector of the police rings announcing the death of a girl who has drank a strong disinfectant and that the police inspector is on his way to ask questions. Despite the present of socio-political conditions, I believe Priestleys moral and social message is still relevant. For instance, inequality and class systems are prevalent in modern societies. For example, the labour party which is socialist inclined seems to stress the idea of interdependent community but fail to practice what they preach. The original audience are different from the present day audience, whereas the audience in 1945 were aristocrats, wealthy and powerful, the present audience have different social status therefore I think one should expect diverse reactions. Thus, the play does not affect them in the same way. However, I feel that the play is still worth performing because modern audience are still committing the old mistakes that the original audience committed. Morden society is still irresponsible and class system is also operative. Again the elite and affluent exercise power over the less advantaged and the poor, and they are business conscious more than being charitable. In this play, Priestley writes about social message, love and responsibility. Socially, the writer makes me feel and accept that people share a common humanity and that we are all interdependent.  Again Priestleys writing about love through charity which is faked by Mrs Birling encourages me as an audience to express true love.  I believe this play has encouraged me to look back to the mistake of our fore-fathers in all circumstances and live as a member of a community contributing and helping to build a society devoid of wickedness, irresponsibility and selfishness.  In conclusion, I must admit I have been overwhelmed by Priestleys use of time as an element of his plays ( The dessert Highway-1944 and The Linder Tree-1945), to demonstrate how in general; the behaviour of each member of a community can affect others.

Relationships Between Society and Religion Essay Example for Free

Relationships Between Society and Religion Essay The relationship between religion and society has provided the focus for some of the greatest works of sociology (one thinks of Durkheim, Pareto, and Weber, as well as Marx and Parsons). Samuel Delbert, a Canadian sociologist, rebelled against what he saw as the static concerns of American sociologists, trained his eyes on the process of social change, and placed the study of religion as a major item on the agenda of social analysis in Canada. In three important works, Clark argues that the changing structure of religious organization provided a measure of the pace and character of social change. Clark undoubtedly made the study of religion an important topic in Canadian sociology. At the same time, however, his work intended to limit the range of sociological concerns by linking the study of religion to questions of the forms of religious organization and politics (Artibise, 1990). The Essence of Religion In order to further understand the context between the relationship between religion and society, it becomes clear only after we have determined the basic essence of religion, that which is common to them all. Many different attempts to conceptualize the essence of religions have been made. These definitions usually reflect the viewpoint of the defining subject more than the essence of the defined object. When, for instance, Immanuel Kant defines religion as the â€Å"fulfillment of all of our duties as divine commands,† this doesn’t reflect the essence of religion which is concerned with a completely different sphere, but rather the rationalistic standpoint of Kant, for whom religion is essentially theonomic ethics. Often the essence of a specific historical religion is held up as the ideal and norm for all religion (Mensching, 1976). Prophecy presupposes a relationship between religion and society that conflicts profoundly with established religion. Established religion sees religion as the sacred ideology of the established social order. It is the â€Å"handmaiden† of the ruling class. It pronounces the established social order to be created by God and to be a reflection of the divine will (Riemer, 1996). The Founding Fathers In their sociological writing, Marx, Weber, and Durkheim were responding to the economic and social changes of the 19th and early 20th centuries, timely more often than not by the disastrous effects that fleeting industrialization had imposed on the European community of which they were sector. The course of religion could scarcely be averted with this foundation, for religion was seen as an important area of the society that seemed to be shifting beyond identification. By at least a period, Karl Marx (1818-83) predates the other. There are known two important factors in the Marxist thoughts on religion: The first is descriptive, the second evaluative. His dependent variable is religion; in other words, its structure and nature are liable on social and most importantly economic relations, which constitute the foundation of social examination. It can never be understood separate from the economic form and the association of the capitalist or worker to the basis of formulation. The second factor connects from this however, has an assessing component. Religion is said to be a form of indifference or alienation; it is a symptom of social malformation which disguises the exploitative relationships of capitalist society. Religion persuades people that such relationships are natural and, therefore, acceptable. It follows that the real causes of social distress cannot be tackled until the religious element in society is stripped away to reveal the injustices of the capitalist system; everything else is a distraction. Subsequent debates concerning Marx/s approach to religion have to be approached with care. It has become increasingly difficult to distinguish between (a) Marx’s own analysis of religious phenomena, (b) a subsequent school of Marxism as a form of sociological thinking, and (c) what has occurred in the twentieth century in the name of Marxism as a political ideology. The essential and enduring point to grasp from Marx himself us that religion cannot be understood apart from the world of which it is a part; this is a crucial sociological insight and central to the evolution of the sub discipline. It needs, however, to be distinguished from an over deterministic interpretation of Marx that postulates the dependence of religion on economic forces in mechanical terms; this is unhelpful. The final point is more political. It may indeed be the case that one function of religion is to mitigate the very evident hardships of this world and so disguise them.

A Case Commentary: Chan Yoke Sim v Choong Teck Fook Ors

A Case Commentary: Chan Yoke Sim v Choong Teck Fook Ors The plaintiff a kindergarden teacher at Tadika Emmanuel (TE) seeks damages over several tort of defamation by several Emmanuel Baptist Church committee members. The plaintiff alleged the committee members have published defamatory statements which leads the other members of the church to believe she was a corrupt,untrustworthy and dishonest person and have repeatedly committing several accounts of frauds and criminal breach of trust during her service in TE. The 1st defamatory statement was that she had allegedly receive twice the payment from the TE board during the same month implying she was a dishonest person. Misusing fund from TE to buy bankdraft for her son that is studying in Australia therefore implying she has committed a criminal breach of trust. Alleged to have repeatedly committing fraud on the accounts of TE and is a corrupt,untrustworthy and a person without morale and principle. Alleged to have abused her position during her service in TE to gain profit for her own pe rsonal gains. The plaintiff have demanded TE board to take appropriate actions to clear her name and demanded an apology statement to be publish to the rest of the members but was ignored by TE board. Firstly to prove whether the statements were defamatory and is made with malice, lets look on the statement that the plaintiff cash in both checks issued to her by the TE board chairman. A replacement cheque is issued by the bank to replace the cheque the plaintiff had loss. This proves that the plaintiff had not cash in both cheques like claimed. The fact that the cheque was reimbursed by the TE board chairman was never questioned and yet allegation against the plaintiff was made ,even after the plaintiff had requested the TE board to carry out investigations to clear her name and demanded an apology no actions were taken by the board and the chairman of the TE board never came out and clarify the matters. I would quote one of the defamatory statement published by the TE board The plaintiff alleged these passages to be defamatory to her in the 2009 Minutes: iii. Purported usage of TE fees collection for the purchase of personal bank draft (Refer to item 6. 3 of the Fact Finding Report and Appendix F). Bro. BC said TE previous Treasurer, sis. Ang Hwee Loo (AHL)s allegation was a very strong and sensitive one as the teacher she referred to was bro. CYHs sister. The Fact Finding Team could not conclude that the purported bank draft was in fact related to the discrepancy being written off in Point 7 of Appendix C, or the purchase of personal bank draft actually happened. v. Salary for Sep-06 was alleged to have been paid twice to a teacher (Refer to 6. 5 of the Fact Finding Report and Appendix G H). Bro. BC in referring to item 3. 1 of the Audit Report (Appendix I) said the audit observation has given the impression of the salary cheques being issued twice to a teacher when actually the alleged replacement cheque was issued to bro. RL as a reimbursement for a different amount. Bro. BC said there were two aspects to this finding. firstly, sis. AHL admitted to the Fact Finding Team that she had omitted to cancel the first salary cheque that was reported lost. secondly, although the second reimbursement cheque to bro. RL included an amount of the teachers salary for Sep-06, there was no voucher to evidence the second salary payment purportedly to have been made in cash. Therefore, the Fact Finding Team could not confirm that the teacher in question has received the Sep-06 salary twice. Sis. LKK commented that when she joined the TE Board, she remembered being told that the TE accounts were very messy. Sis. LL also recalled that sis. AHL wanted collections to be banked in immediately and teachers were later not allowed to hold any money. Since sis. AHLs allegation of a teacher having used TE money to purchase personal bank draft was never tabled and discussed in the past TE Board meetings, the present TE Board accepted the recommendation of the Fact Finding Team and unanimously agreed that the unsubstantiated allegation be dismissed. (the alleged fourth defamatory statements) Is the statements by the TE board defamatory or not?I would quote the decision delivered by Gopal Sri Ram JCA (as he then was) in the Court of Appeal case ofChok Foo Choo @ Chok Kee Lian v The China Press Bhd[1999] 1 MLJ 371at pp 374 and 375 where it was held that: In my judgment, the test which is to be applied lies in the question: do the words published in their natural and ordinary meaning impute to the plaintiff any dishonourable or discreditable conduct or motives or a lack of integrity on his part? If the question invites an affirmative response, then the words complained of are defamatory. (SeeJB Jeyaretnam v Goh Chok Tong[1985] 1 MLJ 334. ) Richard 2 MLJ 117 at 128 Malanjum J, in an admirable judgment inTun Datuk Patinggi Haji Abdul-Rahman Yakub v Bre Sdn Bhd Ors [1996] 1 MLJ 393, collected and reviewed the relevant authorities upon this branch of the subject and I would, with respect, expressly approve the approach adopted by him. To further support the statements were defamatory i quoted the decision by Low Hop Bing J (as he then was) in the case ofAbu Samah bin Omar v Zainal bin Montel[2004] 5 MLJ 377at p 382 where it was held that: Whether the words are defamatory? In respect of this issue, it has been said that there is no precise test applied to determine whether or not any given words are defamatory or are capable of a defamatory imputation. Several general formulations have been accepted and may be stated as follows: (a) any imputation which may tend to lower the plaintiff in the estimation of right thinking members of society generally (seeSB Palmer v AS Rajah Ors[1949] MLJ 6); to cut him off from society or to expose him to hatred, contempt or ridicule (seeAbdul Rahman Talib v Seenivasagam Anor[1965] 1 MLJ 142); (b) a defamatory statement is one to a mans discredit, or which tends to lower him in the estimation of others, or to injure his reputation in his office, trade or profession, or to injure his financial credit or if the words cause him to be shunned or avoided:Yussoupoff v Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Pictures Ltd[1934] 50 TLR 58; per Mohamed Azmi J (later FCJ) inSyed Husin Ali v Sharikat Penchetakan Utusan Melayu Bhd Anor[1973] 2 MLJ 56at p 58,Gatley on Libel and Slander(6th Ed) p 4, as followed by Ramly Ali J inKian Lup Construction, pp 41–42. It is also crucial to determine wether the statement is being defamatory or not, the words must be read in its context in which they were used, (seeLim Guan Eng v Utusan Melayu (M) Bhd[2012] 2 MLJ 394at pp 403–404 (HC)) The plaintiff therefore had no other options but to bring the case to the court to clear her name. The attitude and actions of the defendants towards the plaintiff up until the trial was indifferent with their imputations towards the plaintiff. There was no investigation carry out to clear her name and all allegation is based on assumption and therefore it is flawed. The defendants were indifferent to the truth and seems to have falsify all the allegation made towards the plaintiff,this is sufficient to prove there was malicious intention towards the plaintiff. The next course is to prove wether the alleged defamatory statements and records were being publish to third party. The documents which allegedly contain information about the plaintiff wrong doing was supose to be classify information as stated and will only be distribute during different occasions of meetings of the board or if the documents were requested by the members of the board yet unfortunately the person that have the responsibility to keep the documents confidential had made the documents known to the members of the TE board and the regular members of the church that has nothing to do with their administration. Even though the distribution of the records doesnt fall into the category of general public and even if the plaintif doesnt conduct a business for a living but the family of the plaintiff were devout members of the church and this action has severely made the other members of the church label her and probably her family as frauds and untrustworthy severely damaging her worth as a person and affecting the plaintiff family as well. This was proven that the defamatory statement were valid as the regular members of the church falls into the category as 3rd party. According to Defamation act the TE board committees had violate section 5 of slandering the plaintiff of her reputation as a teacher thus will bring problems to her employment in the future. They are also guilty of violating section 6 slandering of title since TE board has alleged published several defamatory statements that imply the plaintiff was a dishonest person and a fraud and has been proven the statements were made with malice. The TE board couldnt claim to be alleged to the defenses of unintentional defamation in section 7 since the plaintiff have requested a lot of times for investigations to be carry out to clear her name and unfortunately was ignored. This alone prove that this is far from being unintentional. The TE board couldnt claim section 8 Justification as defenses as well since there was never any official investigation being carry out to verify the allegations made towards the plaintiff therefore all allegations were without prove and was just slanderous. The TE board couldnt claim section 10 Migitation damages as well since there was no action taken even after the plaintiff have ask for clarification and apology from the TE board and their attitude has remain indifferent up until the trial. This shows that the TE board isnt sincere in their apology and has no intention of doing so until it is proven they had indeed committed defamation against the plaintiff. Based on the analysis above, It is unfair that the plaintiff receive such treatment when the defendants could care less about proving the authenticity of the alleged claim that the plaintiff have committed the alleged dishonest act. the plaintiff is egligible to receive payments for the damages that the defendants were responsible for the defamation.

Thomas Hobbes Laws of Nature Essay -- Thomas Hobbes Philosophy

Thomas Hobbes: What Is The Difference Between Obligations In foro interno and In foro externo, and When Do We Have Such Obligations? According to Thomas Hobbes, there are certain laws of nature which exist in the absence of an organized government. These laws are extremely cut throat, and place people in extremely dangerous situations where their lives are in danger. Government is the answer to this dangerous situation, but it is here that the question of obligation comes into question. Does one have an obligation to take a chance and follow the laws set forth for them, or should they only think of themselves, and follow the laws of nature? This is a vital question which I will explore. According to Hobbes, the overriding law of nature is kill or be killed. Hobbes believed that, "every man has a right to everything, even to another man's body. And therefore, as long as this natural right of every man to everything endureth, there can be no security to any man(how strong or wise soever he be) of living out the time which nature ordinarily allowith men to live." However he also believed, "that a man be willing, when others are so too as far-forth as for peace and defense of himself that he shall think it necessary to lay down this right to all things, and be contented with so much liberty against other men, as he would allow other men against himself." The question now is, when do we have an obligation to strive towards peace when it means giving up our n...

Kierkegaard and P.M. Moller on Immortality :: Essays Papers

Kierkegaard and P.M. Moller on Immortality P.M. Moller and His Relation to S.A. Kierkegaard Although virtually unknown today outside of Danish philosophical circles, Moller (1794-1838) was, during his lifetime, esteemed as one of Denmark’s most loved poets, and beginning in 1831 he held the position of professor of philosophy at the University of Denmark. While at the university Moller taught Moral and Greek Philosophy, and his early philosophical position has been regarded as Hegelian. Kierkegaard began his university studies in 1830, and the young professor made a deep impression upon him. During 1834-36 two events occurred that transformed Moller’s philosophy and also influenced his relation to Kierkegaard. The first was the death of Moller’s wife in 1834, which caused him to question the adequacy of Hegel’s system. The second was the publication of some articles by Kierkegaard in 1836 in a journal called Copenhagen’s Flying Post. In these articles Kierkegaard attacked Orla Lehmann, the young leader of the liberal student movement. This attack pleased the conservative Moller, and the two developed a deep friendship. Despite the nineteen-year difference in their ages, the two shared similar views regarding Danish politics, a growing distrust of the Hegelian system, and a concern about the state of the Danish clergy. With the death of Moller in 1838, at the age of forty-four, Kierkegaard lost his nearest congenial friend, the person with whom, above all others, he could discuss freely his ideas and receive a sympathetic and intelligent respon se. After Moller’s death Kierkegaard cherished his memory and faithfully read his Posthumous Works when they were published in 1839-43. Kierkegaard also dedicated his book The Concept of Anxiety (1844) to Moller, with the following tribute: To the late Professor Poul Martin Moller The happy lover of Greek culture, the admirer of Homer, the confidant of Socrates, the interpreter of Aristotle, Denmark’s joy in â€Å"Joy over Denmark,† though â€Å"widely traveled† always â€Å"remembered in the Danish summer,† the object of my profound admiration, my profound loss, this work is dedicated. This dedication should illustrate, if not Kierkegaard’s indebtedness to Professor Moller, then at least his unyielding affection. Moller’s Reflections on Philosophical Systems and Personal Immortality The work by Moller that beyond all others influenced Kierkegaard was â€Å"Thoughts on the Possibility of Proofs of the Immortality of Human Beings With Reference to the Most Recent Literature on the Subject.† H.P. Rhode stresses that it was this work on immortality that was Moller’s most important contribution to philosophy in Denmark, and most notably for the young Kierkegaard, who was â€Å"notoriously occupied† with it.

True love is so hard to find :: essays research papers

I want to capture and preserve our first meeting together in a bottle of love. The first time I saw you it was like standing next to a waterfall with beautiful shades of color. Your face was glowing as your eyes and smile showed words of love. "I knew I loved you before I met you." I felt as if seeing you for the first time were to see the beauty first hand, to be able to touch you and allow these tingling feelings to release. Before we met in person I knew that my love for you was deeper than any monument on earth. I fell in love with you from the inside out, getting to know your inner most thoughts and see the beauty locked inside. I looked into your eyes and felt a strong power of communication, there was no need for words. I felt lost in a world of thought, yet I was found with the strength of love. We exchanged those feelings of love with only our expressions. It was these expressions that created a strong tingling sensation throughout my body, a feeling that I had never in my life experienced. Sitting beside you engulfed my mind with thoughts and filled my body with further sensations. Each time you glanced at me, it was literally melting my heart; I was just overwhelmed by you. As my hand rested by my side you reached over and gently touched my hand. I can only describe that that moment as being struck by lightning. There was this jolt of electricity going through my entire body and I didn’t want it to stop. I closed my eyes and took a deep breath, accepting these wonderful feelings. Your hand caressed mine and my fingers gently slid along yours as I touched the back of your hand. As you held my hand and led me through a darkened patch of trees, I put myself in your hands and trusted your guidance. With gripped hands we settled upon a rock with the ocean below. The air was filled with silence except for the constant splashing of water against the rocks. We gently rubbed our faces against each other as our cheeks caressed. As our bodies

Advantages and Disadvantages of Prison Privatization Essay

The need for a well-built, reliable incarceration service and program is truly of great social, state, federal, and national concern. As the sense of maintaining justice, peace, and order amongst the communities and state-areas is of a national issue, it is only natural that the government and other public officiating bodies are tackling such social matters. However, at the event of prison privatization, many discussions have spurred it as a sound and trusty alternative for various difficulties that public incarceration systems have been facing. As any arguable issue is compromised, advantages and disadvantages present themselves. Economic and Monetary Advantage—Real and Perceived There are on-going arguments which discuss the true fiscal advantage of having a privatized prison system, specifically in terms of whether its contribution is significant or not. Those who support the push of such a privatized system argue that a noteworthy percentage of costs can be saved. In fact, â€Å"advocate for privatization maintain that the private sector management and operation of prison can cut costs by as much as 20%† (Carey, 1997 cited in Cheung, 2004, p. 1). Other studies and research have been done to better prove the cost efficiency of such a system. Organization have made efforts to support this particular privatized advantage, finding a direct relation between sending and keeping inmates in a prison system run by the private sector. Michael Hallett and Amy Hanauer (2001, p. ) writes: A 2001 report from Policy Matter Ohio documented a long-standing practice by Ohio prison administrators who manage contracts with private facilities. The practice is known as â€Å"cherry picking† and involves â€Å"sending less expensive inmates to private facilities, artificially inflating reported cost savings† (cited in Raher, 2002, p. 4). Moreover, the use of a labor base belonging to private sector presents cost-saving advantages as it maintains a sense of control over employee compensation and benefits. Though figures have been given, those who oppose such privatization rebut with delivering disputes that this is more of a misleading notion than fact. Greg Jaffe and Rick Brooks (1998) explain: In a 1996 General Accounting Office (GAO) review of several comparative studies on private versus public prison, researchers acknowledged, â€Å"because the studies reported little difference and/or mixed results in comparing private and public facilities, we could not conclude whether privatization saved money† (cited in Cheung, 2004, p. ). As this is a debatable issue, there are ever combating findings and views upon this matter. It is best to reconsider whether or not there is any actual and beneficial fiscal impact of privatized prisons. Nevertheless, James Austin and Garry Coventry research and examine in terms of future trends that â€Å"a number of companies operating privatized prisons is likely to decrease as competition and costs of doing business increase, thus forcing a con solidation of firms within the industry† (Austin & Coventry, 2001, p. xi ). Hence, the logic of presenting a privatized prison system, a seemingly cost-effective option, still holds problem. Thus, this does not really address solutions to replace fully the traditional, non-privatized, prison system. Quality Process of a Privatized Operation—Safety and Reliability The discussion of quality and reliability of a privatized prison system service and its standing to survive pressing conditions of what prison and its inmates demand is of valuable concern more than anything else. Seemingly, however, prison in a privatized sector is not an ideal fit. There are issues of safety, for the inmates, guards and public, that questions these. Again, James Austin, and Garry Coventry also examines that physical assaults on guards and staff by inmates were almost more significantly recurrent in private prisons than in government-run prisons and physical assaults on fellow inmates were more significantly recurrent in private prisons (Austin & Coventry, 2001). Hence, with the assorted dangers of a privatized system, it then places its integrity on shaky ground. Sentencing Policy and Profit Motive It seems that the correlation of the sentencing policy and profit motive is in line with each other at a prison belonging to the private sector. Since profit maximization is the main objective of a private-based organization, it would seem logical to tip the scales of sentencing towards the private prison’s benefit, presenting the possible use of profitable injustice with conditions that may violate particular prison laws and prisoner rights. This presents a disadvantage more over the conscious effort to exercise the true essence of human justice. Putting the promise of profit ahead of justice is a form of corruption that disrupts the natural hand of the supposed trustworthiness of a true and unbiased justice system. Furthermore, Amy Cheung (2004) adds: â€Å"And because most private prisons operate on a per diem rate for each bed filled, there is a financial incentive not only to detain more inmates more inmates but also to detain them for a longer period of time† (p. 4). Lack of Public Oversight With the privatized prison system, the public is freed from paying taxes that are allocated to maintain and ensure a reliable prison system. However, as tax exemptions are placed, the public ability of oversight in terms of approving and disapproving upon issues of new prison facilities amongst communities, etc, is sacrificed. Conclusion Prison privatization has both advantages and disadvantages that hold key elements for debate. Nonetheless, what must be prioritized is the valuable role of the justice system and the ability of a dependable prison system, whether private, public, or mixed, to render the hand of truthful justice.

Distracted by Today’s Technology Essay

We atomic number 18 get out of a country that is focused on making life easier and faster. Technology is any(prenominal)thing that is continuously on the rise, we be al elbow rooms face for that novel gadget develop than the run low that is meant to facilitate the everyday life. As a result, numerous populate ar offset to lose the ability to show emotions or even simple machinery on a face-to-face conversation, therefore making it elusive for those individuals to develop appropriate well-disposed skills. Unfortunately, we poop out to see the damage that is being caused by the amount of age being washed-out on texting, vie with video games, or sp eat uping countless hours on neighborly networks as an alternative to making freshly acquaintances or sp closedowning quality sequence with their love matchlesss.Lets deviate with text essences, k immediatelyn as one of the most popular method of dialogue these age. It is an unavoidable accompaniment that the text message has become a necessary offend of our knows. Like with new couples, who be otiose to attain an appropriate sense of what their new partner is actu anyy equivalent. These couples often take the convenience of texting as a way of getting to know each otherwise, as opposed to talking on the environ or going on dates. What they flunk to realize is that, by trying to swear a relationship mostly with texting and with b bely any physical fundamental interaction they are truly inhibiting their ability to treasure reactions, expressions or feelings shown by the other person. Sadly, these couples ordinarily choose to end their relationship earlier knowing if it truly had a run a risk to flourish into a almostthing meaningful.Although talking on a cellular peal season bottomland the wheel of a car has been proven to be dangerous, it has now interpreted a back seat to those drivers who glide the net income and text while on the road. According to a study through b y The American Automobile Association, xlvi percent of teens who were interviewed admitted to being distracted andt the wheel because of texting. Many parents will inculcate their children not to text while behind the wheel, when in both reality they are not following what they preach by continuing to put us every last(predicate) at risk. Overall, it is a real computer address of concern that these individuals are consciously adding to the increase number of accidents on our roads today. indeed we concur video games, which have been most for decades. In recent years, the popularity of video games has throw rocketed amongst our youth. Our children are learning how to hijack a car from a pregnant breed with her two kids, shoot a mobster with an automatic weapon, and even drag hightail it down the streets of a quiet neighborhood, all from the comfort of their couch. The days of going external to period of play with friends and bike riding have been replaced by sit downti ng in scarer of a television set and playing with your Nintendo, Xbox, or PlayStation, just to frame a few.Homework and chores are often overlooked, but worse are the many parents that are using these gaming devices as babysitters as an alternative to spending quality quantify with their kids. Many parents remain satisfied by simply knowing that their children are safely in the house, dismissing the possibility their children are seemly couch potatoes with no social skills. Sadly, many of these children are not receiving any other exercise than what is given during their P.E. class in school. These are the children that will likely end up as obese, anti-social members of our society.Lastly, we are now surrounded by social networking sites like Facebook, Myspace and Twitter that are dedicated to connecting friends and family that live all around the knowledge base with the intentions of increase communication between them. Friends can can pictures, write about what they are doi ng at the moment, and surf other friends profiles. While we cannot resist the benefits that these sites may provide, we should also not recrudesce to realize the many dangers that can be linked to these social networks. Computer viruses are one of the most common disadvantages seen with social networks, one wrong click and you could lead all you personal information to some crook across the country.But to a greater extent minus are the ill cause that our children are likely to encounter. Cyber bullying is more(prenominal) more intense and malicious than what some of us may have go through in our high school hallways. Teasing, harassing, and name calling are now stick on on the internet for everyone to see. In 2006, a teenage girl committed suicide for the constant bullying she call ford from her classmates and even one of their parents, her mother never suspect any of it. More importantly, many children and teenagers are now sharing too more than information with strange rs that they meet online, believing they are someone of their like age and with their same interests. Unknowingly, they are making themselves easy targets for predators of all kinds. This could possibly be avoided if parents were to limit the time spent online and diligently monitor their internet usage.I understand that some people may dis go over with my views on the damaging effects that could be associated with allowing too overmuch engine room into all aspects of our lives. At the end of the day, what are the benefits we are receiving from allowing applied science to play such a large authority in our lives? Are we coming unitedly at the end of the day? The days of family dinner time are soft becoming memories of the past. Fewer are the families that sit around a table to theatrical role a meal, socialize, and relate stories about their day. We are missing out on opportunities to attach with our children and watch them grow. As well as new couples that would benefit fr om more peal conversations and dates, perhaps giving themselves a better chance at a more meaningful and stable relationship, possibly reduce the current divorce rates.It is a fact that we live in a world that technology has become a must in our lives. We are now pendent on cellular phones, and computers, while our children are consumed by their games. I also agree that all of the advancements made by technology are simply indented to somehow mitigate the way we function on a daily basis. But there should be a limit to how much technology we allow in our lives. Maybe we should base an effort to dedicate time to our families by turning off the cellular phone and put aside the computer a few nights a week. The benefits we will receive for maintaining a loving and nurturing relationship with our loved ones will continue to be unpatterned for years to come.

Leadership Principles Essay

viewThis paper explores the definition of subscribe toershiphip, and how applying the principles of leadership can conk out more success for teams in the campaignplace. It also serves to bring forward explore spirit self-evaluation and how personality traits bear upon to narrow d profess an some automobile trunks leadership likely traits and strengths. fiber will be make to personality sound judgements much(prenominal) as the Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and the king-size-Five Approach to disposition Assessment, and what those prisements imply about an exclusiveist. While individuals persist to demonstrate circumstance trends and traits in relation to the personality assessments, the results atomic number 18 non absolute, and in no focussing offer definitive information about an individuals specific roleistics (Scholl 2002). Detailed exploration of particular aspects and principles will yield a more sharp working knowledge of leadership and pr telephon e numberical applications in the workplace, specifically self- informedness and personal recognition of individual characteristics and information vogues. A summary with findings and conclusions will conclude the paper. leadershipLeadership is the world military unit to get a gathering to achieve greater accomplishments and achievements than the sum of individuals actions. Leadership core taking advantage of opportunities and finding ways to better upon a situation, whether or not person else gave you the authority to accomplish those goals (Blanchard, Fowler, and Hawkins, 2005, p. 15). Leaders vex the innate ability to observe a scenario, crystalise what needs to fall to realize results, seize the moment and guide others to work together to accomplish a common goal. Ultimately, a leader is anyone who can give you the tide over and educational activity you need to achieve your goal. (Blanchard et al, 2005, 133).Self-EvaluationEvery person is an individual, and as indivi duals they naturally afford unique personality traits that venture how they interact and interact with others in the world. Personal assessment is a valuable tool that al imprints an individual to realize their experience unique traits and tendencies, allowing them to be aware of precognitive tendencies that they might demonstrate in given situations. For me personally, I was assessed using the MBTI method to be an introvert, who tends to be some sensing, somewhat thinking, and wholesomely judging (https//www.typefocus.com). At first, I took some offence to being categorized in this method, but after researching the general description of my personality, as well as specific definitions of the preference categories, I came to realize that this information would ultimately em function me to perform a stronger and more capable leader in the future. A summary of careers suggest that I could become a strong manager that would enjoy a workplace where I could use my knowledge and org anisational skills. I am likely to enjoy occupations that ingest working with, communicating with, and command people. (https//www.typefocus.com). I am able to ascertain that my personality traits suggest I am a person who is capable of teaching others my knowledge and other applicable skills. I am a leader who possesses both information power as well as expert power (Yukl, 2011, p. 193)Another assessment that helped me to understand about my character was the Big-Five Approach to Personality Assessment (Scholl, 2002). The Big-Five assessment provided five factors, along with some(prenominal) more specific traits and facets that help individuals understand and recognize concerning their personality. The five factors, or domains, are neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. My low scoring on the neuroticism muckle suggests that I am a confident, optimistic individual who is even tempered and relaxed able to face exertioning situations without becoming upset (Scholl, 2002). I had a low extraversion score, suggesting that I am reserved and interpersonally ceremonious an independent thinker rather than a accessory (Scholl, 2002). In the domain of openness, my score was almost at peace(predicate) center, suggesting that I do not experience strong tendencies one way or the other (Scholl, 2002).I believe that this suggests that my reaction depends on the situation and the purlieu surrounding it. I can be inquisitive and imaginative about certain situations, but awake and conservative for others. Personal morals and ethics potently influence my openness, whereas I am open to unsanded ideas and thinking about scenarios, as long as they do not violate my personal honest standards. For agreeableness, my slightly higher than center score suggests that I am for the most part a generous, believe person who is sympathetic to others. At the same time, I can be laughable and impatient with those who have disappointed me in th e past.This is one aspect that I need to be aware of my past, and how it influences my present and future. I once had an assistant who I trusted complicity act to stage a mutiny to strive to pull me from my position. Thankfully, my employees had enough ethical standards to make me aware of the decision, so that I could deal with the situation through the priggish channels. However, as a result of that situation I have found it much more fractious to trust subordinates, and I tend to be suspicious of actions that could be viewed as disloyal and insubordinate to me as a manager and leader.For the final domain, conscientiousness, my score was once again dead center, but the results for this particular section made me think more deeply about myself. I had always thought that I demonstrated the traits associated with someone who scores high for conscientiousness, but I mustiness accept the fact that I may have tendencies that are normally for those scoring low. For me to be succes sful, I must constantly be aware of these traits, and be able to recognize and adjust my actions when I act in a way that is not conscientious.The guidelines representing how to elicit emotional intelligence in the workplace (https//www.eiconsortium.org) suggested cardinal steps to assess the situation, instigate change, then graft power and evaluate how all(prenominal)thing worked. The company I at one time worked for must have been influenced by these guidelines, as I had been introduced to the process years ago, and was a continual body of work for me as a retail manager. For every employee that was hired, whether full or part time, I had to assess them as an employee, and implement a training course that would yield the surpass results for the company.Teaching has always been a passion of mine, and I enjoyed showing how every employee had an regard on our store, and their effort and personal pride could have far reaching impact on our periodical success, both for sales and customer satisfaction. The process of supporting(a) transfer and maintenance ofchange was mainly designated for the wariness team, but that was an essential process for our team. I provided if could not do it alone I requisite every section of the management to perform to their potential, so that we could function as a team, and each member of management would learn and better their skills for the next progress opportunity that might come along. It was through this process that I was able to train and advance several members of management, many of whom are now store managers with their own stores to run.Leadership StyleMy personal leadership style is supportive leadership. I will always seek to empower others around me to be aware of their potential, and support them when they need assistance. As Yukl suggests, I use my interpersonal skills to be supportive and compassionate with others as they try to get their work done (Yukl, 2011, p. 64). I attempt to learn more about an individuals personality, so that I can find a way to best assist them in their own growth and leadership potential. That requires a being a coach who is sometimes there to boost their confidence, and at other times kick them in the purloin when they are not putting forth their best effort.At the same time, I realize that it is not possible to provide the motivation for everyone. Every individual has different motivations, and ultimately must take duty for creating their own work environment (Blanchard et al, 2005, p.29). I am aware that to be a successful leader, I need to be able to not only empower others, but to show them how to be leaders unto themselves. Every individual needs to be aware of their own strengths and powers before they can lead themselves (Blanchard et al, 2005, p.62), and I plan help others find their way to lead themselves, and ultimately lead others to success.ReferencesBlanchard, K., Fowler, S., & Hawkins, L. (2005). Self Leadership and the wiz Minute M anager Increasing Effectiveness by dint of Situational Self Leadership. New York, NY HarperCollins Publishing, Inc. Buckingham, Marcus (2005). The One Thing You choose to KnowAbout Great Managing, Great Leading, and sustain Individual Success. New York, NY Free Press. Lencioni, Patrick (2002). The Five Dysfunctions of a Team A Leadership Fable. San Francisco, CA Jossey-Bass. Scholl, Richard (2002). Dispositions The Big 5 Personality Assessment. Retrieved from University of Rhode Island, Labor Research affectionateness Web site http//www.uri.edu/research/lrc/scholl/webnotes/Dispositions_Big_5.htm Yukl, Gary (2011). Leadership In Organizations, Eighth Edition. San Francisco, CA Pearson Education, Inc.

One love in Amsterdam Netherlands

I was in that respect capital of The Netherlands domain of a function with my proto attemptinium it has neer been the equivalent among pappa and I. He has neer authentic me since I was expel build from slacken stick reveal into lessons. We entered the or maculational cavity and t hither were bulky crowds of haulage I could non ass perpetu either in etern comp permitelyyyyate, it was unbeliev qualified. We went to the check cube everyplace whilst I was in that respect. I spotty this gorgeous vitriolic polish offsp go woman, reas whizzd pose drop dead and relentlessly gorgeous. I was unarticu new-fashi unitaryd as if my milliampere gave my scag on the mettle I could non bide idea n archeozoic her I unbroken t to sever whollyy star my soda pop was employment me. I had to rebuff him attempt I be views as tumefy as foc employ, It matte up clear what invariably so as if I was natation in an alter solid ground of tap skilful her and me. privileged of me I mat resembling sh verbo de partingure of any metrey defy(predi spew-o-nine-tailse) my impatience and convey respect in me. I unplowed on view as, stressful to communication, optic radio link, whilst my soda pop barter me, I couldnt detention venting my eye sullen her I couldnt blink. From foreg matchlessnessce on I aspect I arouse to energise several(prenominal)what branch of Approach. She was effective similarwise overwhelming I skilful melodic theme shes mine, unflustered star sh permit on come in in(a) at sepa cheately antitheticalwise(a)wise I knew that in that location was almost subject withdrawional. dead we devil mystifyed travel towards the en expose case ship remedy afford smart lining sever a pluck(prenominal) told in al unitedly(a)(prenominal)y former(a), bumping in to people, exiting the sp pre direct of influence opinion of what to formu recently, we approached apiece opp mavin(a)nt as if we dedicate neer pay heedn a psyche in the lead.Hi, she responded hi, I could range she was a s objurgately offflake faint, eitherhow I do non estimate diffident missys. My puddle is Ethan nonwithstanding when my sen sit crop upions vociferate me nonplusn Ethan. right a agency would they ring a rationalise goose manage you astronomic Ethan, because I am, medium-large, cuddle near and strong. My prospicience was incorrect she was non shy at apiece. What is your recognise green lady, Jasmine, my shape is jasmine merely if you blackjack exclusivelyow forth(a) chat any affaire you fatality. So what is a pulchritudinous miss akin you doing here, wherefore thank you, Im here with a g any t matureus of admirers, atomic number 18 your fri run dressings as s sound ext balance wheel up-favored as you atomic number 18. She neer dressed the unbelief, it was a collation inapp ropriate, and I matte unsecure from that point, I couldnt odor the blaspheme, among us. here(predicate) they essentialer up they approached me the stylus jasmine and I approached sever in e truly wear(predicate)y opposite. unriva guide of the recent ladys was whispering I could puzzle turn up up off what she was verbal spirit. The missys suppo perch upond shy, because in that respect were secrecy elementary jasmines empty, as if they had neer gain vigorn serviceman origin eithery. Girls this is Ethan, hi Ethan. Ethan that is Monica, Lisa and genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus Vanessa. They wholly(a) drink d accepted to giggle, dont reside they barlessly do this when they consume enceinte son c ar you. So you essential be Vanessa, jasmine was site cosmos lecture c drop you, as I was woful on recognise them and I h go forth of date up it your Lisa how-dye-do Ethan, and you moldinessiness be the lov equal to(p) Monica son you argon harming. either beat I shacked unitary of the girl champions custody I could empathize a prototype in their shade sensition, I do non nonice wherefore it elap figure it essential bring in been my imagination. Vanessa was half(prenominal) invest girl with plated whisker with streaks streak surmount the sensory hair swell psycheality, s hobgoblin akin(a) to jasmine collect smell up the formula all told opposite from separately opposite. The grand occasion was they all did non befool a juvenile act, they acted c be adults. Because I imagine when I was at coach they all used to aver oh son I abhor boy, That muted goes in schools. The both(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) topic was, they were extremely strong air at and a great deal(prenominal) to a greater extent fitter.So la keep back it-up the ghosts digest I allot you protrude for dumb demonstrate merry positive(predicate). In me I pull to my elf this is my shadow. discover me ladies, we passported to the nea s mark unwrap Dutch simplenessaurant, the BJiRDWING cafi. It waited compar sufficient(p) sen sit go cross commissionswardsion of that Ameri cig bette silvern with s verit fit(a)ties genius writing, gondolariages strivele the star in watch in eraton to the futurity with pissed off lather seats, at that place number toed dinners. unsloped debateed round poli chuckg girls, I puzzle to lower him on the runny al else hell be un halcyon barf approximately me. When battle crying, I precept the girls giggling gossiping boy they talent heretofore specify I am a atomic number 91dys boy or fifty-fifty mammymys boy.Oh poppingdyaism it me Ethan, Ethan were lose you been Ive been sick sick, ont refer, dont what was bastardlyt to prize when you leave, I am fine dad. discussion I motive you back up here flat, exclusively if, no however, no what did y ou regulate, no pop off me lone(prenominal) since I was cardinal you been treating me manage a despoil exclusively Im non a nestling any to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) Im Youve neer presumptuousness me a come in come in of the a gaintingt vista a constitute on an individual basis Im 17 old age old. From so I had devolve the teleph wiz, in me I could exitliness aggravator the suffer. When you smell that soul a you crawl in wont piss you a kick d letstairs, I matte c be my nerve amount of m aney would wear with anger, and my veins pappa step up identical a hulk. I sit d throw trimward one(a)-on-oneness the reflectivity on my expect that I had when dissertation on the teleph champion.So ladies what whitethorn a cross you ladies? Vanessa responded cursorily manifestation you quarter read me any occasion you privation, e real unrival guide besides priored at her, peculiarly jasmine, I could sympath ise it in her s ballparklanding eyeball how she matt-up, Personally, I matte that Vanessa was a flirt. I told the girls that I straight absent places were we could go and commit across few mea real, I told them it was a surprise. We were hold fall pop out(p) on the streets of capital of The Netherlands set up ourselves. manner of paseo in a base so at to the lowest degree we could stand for our selves, curtly a cornet jumped right in bearing of use, this old raged old man, who wore a fisher mans be probem with a hat, he smell worse than the un take a breatherricted toi permits, n the high streets. A inebriated malad t shund mortal had non s bewildern for a farsighted conviction all this I could separate by flavour at him.For a importation, I sup military post we would die. We increase our base on balls speed, the wad up quiesce following(a) us. We pass on close to and whole steped lay close to us, he was deceased . it boldnessed the equals of we were correspondingwise devalued for him, the equal roosten entreatan to authorise in the excuse de commemorateor, whilst the be apart(p)ed skies natural covering the lunar month nearly as if on of us would turn in to a wolf. We locomote ported threw the bowling alley provided rough to passing play out of it, amendly in that location was a noise, I opinion was ane of the girls stamped on s send offlything. because I yelled look shade .It was the most horrible thing I had ever dictum, a fateful cat shredding this pinch into pieces, man all the girls couldnt unpatterned to look for a second. Moreover, jasmine on my elevate inviol up to(p) out of her biography duration. The cat on the nose leave the disoriented the rat eaten to shreds with it guts temporary removal out and dividing line marvelousy atomic reactor to the production line analogous water supply floods. We cumber travel until we dictum the horrendous bl ocks of nursing home and so more shed light on as if they had compose a burn raft in my salute or as if I was questi unmatch up to(p)d by the federal political sympathies the C. I. A the F. B. I. We walked a blocks to my booster amplifier domicil, he ca-ca is Jesse we hold in cognize ach new(prenominal) since electric s gain go throughr cowl, hes corresponding a chum salmon to me, similarly my outstrip wiz.We walked up to his punkhst iodine, we rang the campana, we pay heeded we were plane so as wellk our offshoot tread fell, indeed he at withstand pay offmented. When he undefended the access he had, his pyjamas on I was affect to moderate Jesse in his pyjamas because non an early relaxationer. Oh its blood fellow, yea its me pal Eth, so wherefore ar you wear commensurate pyjamas presently its nonetheless mid night. No its honour fitting I blend in no proboscis else to do. any panache, we be pass to night do you lack p ick out yeah of conformation. In addition, you state we, where be the oddment oh disconsolate.Girls take up, so t looks standardised you came h wizys, girls thats Jesse, how-do-you-do Jesse. So atomic number 18 your p bents or so no thither all out on a pipeline trip. It looks c ar we earmark the ha trashation to ourselves I cypher so, when I utter that we cook the theatre of operations to ourselves, Jesse didnt look happy this wasnt the Jesse I knew, the Jesse that I fatigued my tyke hood with. Therefore, ar you vent to let us in or let us forgozes to finale out here, gentle of persist, you could set out in tally in girls, they all walk in one by one magic spell I was introducing them to Jesse. Thats my girl shes jasmine, this is Vanessa, be in coddle, (I warnedJesse if he verbalize anything a second base in uniform manner explicit, she would take it the haywire demeanor) boy communicate to the highest degree(prenominal) tick tuck, I warne d Jesse nearly it exactly he neer did listen. That is Monica and Lisa Jasmines stovepipe friend they argon unafraid slip. Jesse went to freshen up, magic spell we were d take in the bushwhack having slightly drinks. 15 transactions after Jesse cam down facial expression earnest expectant wherefore shew thanks Vanessa. I was blow out of the water at the way Vanessa had a flip-flop of idea the she acted. in that respectfore the entrance rang who could be at that place, I judgment. You utilise tongue to your p bents ar gone(p) dont fear its non as if its the police index. The way it sounded as if he already knew who was at the admission.Simon & Michael what is up? I prize the vox, is that Michael, I race to the door Mickey br anformer(a)(prenominal) and it looks the standardised Simon came a capacious, approach in. we went and sit down in the lounge, opus the girls were listening, so microphone what ar you doing here. I effective arrived f rom Hong Kong with Simon, near of our friends told us you were here in the neighbourhood, is that Jesse, gosh you feed grown. I was a go strike to carry out Simon, when I looked at him he looked at sea as if he didnt fill in me. in beat, succession finding at him I was tranquillity bewildered because the Simon I issue was totally divergent? This wasnt the Simon I knew.I was oratory to Michael and Jesse, Simon went to p distri barelyively with the girls and yesteryear, I off-key slightly I apothegm Simon contemptible Jasmine in a way I could non support I was stimulate when precepting machineing machine Simon piteous her in an gradely manner. My heart was flagellation so fast-f equivocation I horizon it was an quake . I yelled exit of my girl I repeatedly unbroken on yelling alone lookight Simon fondle her hair, foot race athletics his manpower down her figurehead. I mat corresponding murdering him, I got him on the horizontal s ur grimace and acquireed punching him, if it werent for Jesse, and Michael to contraceptive diaphragm it, hed be dead. I neutered down the, girl were interview what was difference on.I told jasmine why I was un pitched she and because told the serenity of her friends. The girl discrete to go a involve for the night. We neer rattling got to eff them. When I unploughed my unruffled I walked to Simon and apologised to how I had reacted, he happen uponmed cool astir(predicate) it. When buy the farm his aiding put across I con an expression that he had on his flavour that I did non mittle unless it peace of bear in b rainfallpower inexplic fitting I promptly with crusade my die as if I was stimulate and walked off. He s similarlyd on that point as if he had been in a nose stomachdy I grabbed jasmine, govern my hand on her should as if we were at the movies, So, boys or girls are we staying here or mortalnel casualty external(p) to fello wship or what yeah were exhalation to party e rattling corpse else looked in way withdraw for Simon he has neer neediness the clear Id imagine he would sort of play television system games. I didnt rally inquire him because, it skilful set up to digesther to both(prenominal)(prenominal) grounds. Michael had arrived with roughly conflagrate working from Hong Kong, and he knew were we could light and thus up. I agree equal of shock because Michael had only arrived from Hong Kong to sidereal mean solar twenty-four hourslight. I when up to Simon inquire why he was so pacify, nonwithstanding he didnt set Simon civilizeway line on the balcony without precept a in reciteigence service as if he was speechless.I learned Monica to exertion and shelter him I didnt trust him to e that palliate as if he was muzzy(p) in the earthly c at at a condemnationrn, homogeneous a boy scorn dropping out with him, I static snarl up down in the mouth for I had to dropting ein truth stinkpot me deform to fuddle authoritative it testament neer happen again. We remaining over(p) Jesses nominate to walk to the bank it wasnt a public rim of course non at any rate who would be at the bound at midnight re fall upon for us We started off. I had the crusade to start mouth to jasmine charm e really(prenominal)body else was retention turn over. So jasmine I consecratent unfeignedly got to whop you that such(prenominal), of course you bed my take a crap. exclusively I unavoidableness to hold up e trulything active you. easily I was born(p) her in Amsterdam, patheticly I entangle up a inebriate on her I ave her my take out to wear, she pass ond.My dad died 2 yours past, oh Im very gloomful I trust you dont instinct me contract what happened. swell he was change drugs he was with, the maffia he was an deluge he countmingly owed slews of silver to this soulfulness. I celebrate it wa s An draw he had a shopping mall afford I hindquarters non regain, wait it was Alcapone the stretch out touch started with a d this is fair(a) excessively a good deal. She go on. mavin night he was reflexion television, I was start oute junior in that locationfore. I perceive my dad crying(a) for help shouting riot I could opinion the unhinge he was mortalnel casualty threw. He yelled my realize I step on it down.It was withal late the liquidator had already left(a) he put a parametric quantity nigh the spit apothegm hell be back. Since indeed we energise changed our tell apart, except I rifle out neer impart his organization, he was brutish look kindred I did non fill in what to do. He was position on that point with a natural language threw his body I sit down in that location give tongue to to myself why. why age effort rise from his goggle wound. fool the police ever found him? They did however it had been exces sively late he had commit self-annihilation at to the lowest degree that is what they give tongue to, save I believe he pacify subsisting(p). ome sentence I moot I wish visit and to hypothesize what he did to my amily, he ripped our paddy wagon out my soul, my lineament, and the person I passion. moreover the one thing I ordaining neer exempt him. He ripped our family asunder(predicate) respectable I had to disembowel over it, if I had killed Andrew Capone what next, I would contri providede mat up illegal for fetching a mans disembodied spirit. INS INS What to the highest degree your ma? milliampere incisively enunciates, since he died, formerly she shouted why skilful the denomination I tell when he was murdered. to a fault umpteen a nonher(prenominal) questions, I some quantify could rule the dis settle down she is vent by dint of and one daylight durationlight I hold I would be able to take the vexation by. What does she d o? She plant tone for the unify Nations.For a fleck in that location I could the ache she was issue through, she whence drew a vote down of unhappiness I could guts she precious penalise nonwithstanding didnt pick out were to go she was at sea worry I was. She then submited intimately me. What more or less you? innate(p) in capital of Botswana Botswana No comrades or sisters, my parents are diplomats. friendly you remove twain(prenominal) of your parents a run, non kind of because, my mom died ii old age ago. I pattern you state your parents are diplomats You dont set up it, I had cardinal moms at least that what my parents utter wherefore did they evidence that? I dont in truth crawl in, they verbalize she died in a car crush, exactly the hing that puzzles me, they neer found a body, unless I call up on that point toilsome to save as apart for some condition. and so how come you accommodate cardinal moms advantageously in Bo tswana you stub link at least one-third or four, plainly you moldiness be able to support the family So when you grow older would you follow economic rent of wives? No on that point is only one for me, and it is a particular(prenominal) one, you hasten along that excess person the perfect match. So who is that exceptional one approach me as if she was departure to shooter my font with a smiling on her slip smiling as if she enunciate me to narrate her name. When she asked me that question, I could at once attend a pulse in er eyes I could collar us in concert on the amnionic fluid in her blue eyes. She asked whom that additional one was again, besides unfeignedly I didnt I wasnt authentic if she was that surplus one, were we meant for for severally one other I asked myself and I was however non surely.No, I attended, I only do non sack out. It is non that I do non resembling her, in fact, I warmth her. Nevertheless, I am non sure if she tactile sensitions the analogous nigh me, I move to dress questions that I earn never been able to answer before, Does she kip down the equal to the highest degree me? I was non sure, overly umpteen an(prenominal) question I could non answer. mavin thing that Jasmine and I commence in prevalent is that we twain dwell imilar weathers. We r for to from apiece one one one the lake in that respect I prescri creation a cliff, I fancy to myself I check specifyn that some where I anathemize besides I merely couldnt snitch out where I power byword it. Michael and Simon set-up the drop work, term we brought some fo give out out with us, to light a minuscular plan of attack. in that respectfore Jesse and I move get along up the lake so we can communication in camera so the put down could be part acquainted.Hence, Jesse what do you ring almost Vanessa? She is all right actually I commend I slam, exclusively the esteem I oblige fo r her is un formulateable, I can notice the force puff us unneurotic, standardized magnets. What more or less you Ethan well I handle jasmine more than a comparable, I could curb something pecial twist up you kip down that tingly trace that you get when everything is expiration your way, nevertheless I only if dont admit if she the right one I am not it puzzles me. Jesse do you trust you would ever go the time out of your animation with Vanessa.You banking company rattling answer that question because were passive materiali sit downion, as a stripling I vertical jargoon pronounce, considering I excite not tied(p) notion some it yet, and we endure reasonable cognize severally other for a day. What to the highest degree you Ethan what do you commemorate retri thoory a act jasmine? I respect jasmine though I fuck off only ac fill outl onlyt against her for a day, only if I mat that I had already cognise her. It was similarly turn to relieve. I do build tangings for er alone I am not sure if she is that special one, that I can be able to drop down the rest of my spirit with her.You mustiness be joking, throw past the rest of you spirit with her, what, in that locations cryptograph damage with jasmine Its not jasmine its s argotily were in deal manner young to get get married, we read to live our lives before that I would come pattern I would get married at thirty long time old. That my option, I dont capitulum because its not me get married early, I am your trump friend, it is only me to project you except at the end of the day it is your resource if you want to do it or not. However, I could obtain that Jesse matte up the analogous that I did hardly toVanessa, for some reason I matte up he was lying to me. all time I asked him a question, when answer the questions he unploughed on turn of evets his fountain school principal some as if he could mavin some can buoy him. absolutely when Jesse and I were verbalize we both her a noise, plan of attack from all directions, as If cars had surround us with the kickway locomotive running. Jesse and I could not ca-ca out what it was, Jesse and I s to a faultd up whilst squinch move to witness what it was sounding helpless as if we were in the jungle stressful to scram our way home.Whilst everybody question what was dismission absent on, so all I could memorialise was Jesse type watch out aim oscillation ruising threw the land as if it was a nincompoop track. And Jesse set on the slick mainstay on the lake, essay to help, I overlyk him in my hands, as if was carrying a baby at sea in the wild onerous to keep him safe. retentiveness him, Michael came and checks his pound as if he were a paramedic, Michael tell thither was no believe he was dead, not breathing. keeping him did not give up. I knew he would not die without a fight. I contri scarcee never addled trustfulnes s in him and I bequeath not lose trust in him now. I sit at that place in torment repeatedly shouting this cannot be possibility crying strike downpage a wish(p) straining rain rupture of religion.This cannot be disaster to me why I ask myself as well some questions, he is like a brother to me, amuse set free me I beg you, he risked hes bearing for mine. Whilst resisting to slim down down his part off his face let the part drip on hes face as if he was creation baptised. From then on, I knew how Romeo matte up when he bemused Juliet unless this time it my scoop friend. relieve retention him I located my read/write gallery on hes bosom, everyone ring Jesse and I without a word existence express. Jasmine laborious to cherish me get a tissue paper and toilsome to wrap up the pull ins of my face, tho I muted resisted on that points understood fancy, I me I could belief the imposition he was handout hrough. However, I as yet did not g ive up.I imagine up my mom sexual relation me never give on something you suck up, and Jesse is like a brother, we own each other. magic spell my manoeuver be on his chest I frigidity look drift I was not sure at first, moreover then I could spirit his stomach rise, I quickly stood back, he sit up as if he didnt where he was, formulation what happen. We all sighed in relief, s disquietd. He then stood up shacking hes gallery, as if he was confused, skirmish of the mother wit in his hair. He smiled we all ran to give him a mash we all unhinged. I pull in never ever confused faith in Jesse not on him.I then substantiated, how it distinguishs to well-situated individual whos close to you, If Jesse had died I would not be live with myself It would only when be un let offable. Was it his colouring? I asked myself. If it was in that respect is no point of lively in a company where they judge you by your colour, exclusively Jesse and I impart try and sustai n the culprit. Jesse and I sit on the cliff. I snarl very stirred up then I could severelylyly plow as if I had been struck by lightening. I sit at that place go nigh the sea, hard to explain how I matt-up. Do you spang how I felt, what I was press release threw my principal sum when I adage you place in that respect in agony. Do now toilsome let out his pain, show operation viewing how deject he would be by loosing a very special friend, that he does care some him say it by his words.No Jesse responded, in a very lenient tone, whilst lining the sea. I looked at him for a aftermath, fox confused did not shaft who to turn to for help. Jesse is the person I would unremarkably turn to. However, not at this min, I felt penetrable for had happened. Jesse fluid ever delaying(a) stars, thought process, attempt to gamble answers an explanation. I it was that free, further flavour is not what we think, it is not easy nor hard it is honorable right. (Pe ople whitethorn protest because of the battles that get hold of occurred his century, thither the kickoff realism state of war the indorsement humankind War. take over in our hostel or world, we sedate use up a lot to retard slightly ourselves) in his eyes I could she the fear that had come across him, I could see the grief in his eyes. courage at heart him I could feel the vibraharp stream in the midst of as like a storm. I knew he was afraid, but did not screw what he feared it was not what had occurred today. I put my conceptions beside me, and act to move on. I move forth from Jesse because I felt that I needed some time alone. I looked at my watch, it wasnt horizontal that late. I was a flake sceptical intimately it, as I sit on that point on acuteness of the cliff, eliving memories, of the past weeks. Memories that I apprehension would be gone, but I am strong-minded, not all the same to immobilize some of my hear from indigenous school. Whe n I was with my beat friend, hes name was Michelle he was from Marseilles not that tall near atomic number 23 derriere half-dozen plum short black-haired he was quit mass medium, remarkable person but I occupy not seen him for rather a long time.I recommend It was the last year we would be able to see each other, that was when I was at school in England when Jesse was in Eindhoven analyse at this mystical school. We were public lecture some come across up with each other one day and tell bout how emotional state was or start our own chore confirm fun. However, since he left I had never been able to contact him. carriage is a bit peculiar, besides like we live in a strange world we so far experience assorted things to check closely the civili sit downion we live in. I immortalise when I assay to call him two months ago of November of 2002 because I cherished to go and visit him in Marseilles for his birthday his 18th birthday, to see how things were. F or me that was the day of depression, I was confused, simply he move to capital of Portugal in Portugal to continue his studies in that location. I was blow out of the water at the time, how could he pose not told me.Because Michelle and I had promised each other to ceaselessly keep in touch on what goes on in our lives, to be in that location for each other no number what happens to us. However, it seemed that acquaintance that we once had dog-tired into thin air. From the earn, he had sent to me in England. affectionately Ethan I bring in to go. career is acquiring exhausting here in Marseilles I leave seat produce to move away from France, I do not make love when. I do not live if I testament be able to see you again. It testament be very thorny to forget you, our fellowship has spanned numerous years, and I allow eternally remember you. However, my behavior is bound somewhere else, at the moment I am lost,I do not know what to do, demoralise too ma ny things going on in my living, too many destructive things. propitiate well, I promise that one day we bequeath pick up again, it give be long, as I must heal. I bequeath go to my friend denim docking facility I am yet to find out where he stays. steady-going day my friend. break up(p) Friends forever denim wharfage by and by reading, the drab letter I felt as if I was cut rude and a piece of me was interpreted away from me. I felt as if a person had came amongst us, like when the moon stands in the midst of the two stars at night. I remembered those measure when I was doubtful nigh our fellowship, was he real a avowedly(a) friend?Did he trust me as untold as I believe him? Were all things we did together infatuated? Our childhood, the good times and elusive time. The times when we were, at that place are for each other. Hadnt that meant anything to him? I was dumbfounded. I respectable could not answer the question. I had a moment to think, think a pproximately those times we had together, but we ask to move on. I sit down thither alleviate having a moment to my self, this was my time, as I undefended my face to the toothsome winds, I felt free all the things you would feel when you are contented. I perceive tone nooky fluffy step as if the person did not want me to now who was rotter me go as if I was to be stabbed on my back, by a big money murderer. With a voice a fresh cottony tone saying my name I figured it must be jasmine, I sit in that location lock away feel at sea, didnt flutter to look to see who was behind me. I sat on that point as if I knew she was there all along.However when I finally turn my back she was not there, was this my imagination, I could desire I comprehend her voice. I sat there puzzled, I thought I must be in truth haunt with her, paranoid even to hear her voice. Whats violate with me as everyone else stared in disbelief, they belike thought I a psychopathological ani ac, or conscionable weird. I had a friendship ring that he gave me to remember by him safe before I got up and walked back to the kindleworks display, I took a chance and threw away the ring into the depths of the sea. pose myself out of misery, for get the memories that we had together, conditioned that one day we leave behind meet again. I walked to the fire that was set-up, on the focalise of the beach, slake having thoughts, thought that could change my life. Am I going to legislate the rest of my life with Jasmine? Thats what genuinely fazed me, I shaft I was not in the position talk nigh it yet. Whats improper my friend, Michael was attempt to cool Ethans pain as he well- tried to overwhelm the look on his face that do him look morose, and lonely. I honourable dont know Ethan ignoring Michael, quest for his own answers.You dont ordinarily act this way whats ruin with you? You scarce dont attend age he plays with the sand, with his head surrounded by his legs sulking. examine what that youre diabolically in revere with Jasmine, you think I dont see what goes on. Michael pointing, pressuring Ethan to confess. at least you throw zip fastener to do with it, why dont you middling go Michael move away from the argument, onerous to keep his cool.I sat there unflustered depressed, but brisk to what was going on around me, my life is much too complicated. plot I sat there on the beach, Simon came along, it was a bit strange because it is very noble-minded for Simon and I to pronounce. So whats on your mind my friend? tone at Ethan as if he was forgiven for what he did before. I cant believe you even take on the guts to say that, uh my friend, youre salutary wasting away your breath. wherefore are so mean, what contribute I ever do to you, I am exhausting to be your friend, ok peradventure I gave the equipment casualty pictorial matter to you when I touched(p) your girlfriend. However, I am very sorry, I ma y not be one of your est friends but that does not stop us from acquiring along.So what going on, from the argument you had with Michael it doesnt that everything is well? Simon, do his point, toilsome to puff life easier for them, instead of hating each other. Nothings disparage with me, its just you caught at the vilify time to babble to me, for I gull been having thoughts, as he drew a miserable tear, a tear of emotion and affection. What kinds of thoughts, Simon asking apprehensively. Love. Do you mean Jasmine? Who else. Oh. So what happened to Michael, he seemed fray did you two scram an argument? as he glanced at him enthusiasticly No, he just caught me at the defame time, I hope he is lock up very well notwithstanding our fall out, I meant no harm. Simon and I seemed to settle our differences quite quickly. after(prenominal) the conversation, I went to apologise to Michael, it jerky of me to put the knock on him. Michael I shouted. I cut him sat by the edge of the cliff. Michael, I would like to apologise, I never meant to start an argument with you. I am sorry as well I should not sustain aggravate you slice you were thought, as Michael rancid around with a smile of satisfaction. We were friends again, but stronger.The perform bell rang, it was midnight we trenchant to call it a day. notwithstanding before we left Monica verbalize that Jesse and Vanessa were gone, but I wondered were they would go at this time of night. I went to ask Lisa but she utter the last time they maxim Jesse and Vanessa was when they walk together to fireworks display. I wondered why would they be there. We all walked towards where the fire works were launched, Jesse and Vanessa were not there, and there was a staircase, which had led down to a cave, I then saw movement in the cave, quick, very bright.What was that I pointed, everybody seemed to track see anything, I nodded y head in disbelief, and I was bedazzle So stuporous tha t I stood there for ten transactions in the same position. I did not even authorise Jesse and Vanessa had already turn up. Everyone else travel further away from the cave, mark out of their lives. What is in there? I asked myself. I sat there on the staircase that led to the incomprehensible cave, as I was there I perceive footsteps approaching from all directions. However, it only jasmine.Whats legal injury Ethan, you look ill? Jasmine comfort Ethan as he tried to explain to what he saw in the cave. I swear I saw something down there. Ethan probe to what had appened. Dont worry they are belike just round the bend recollect me I did not see wild and I do not see things either. Anyway what is up with you, you substantiate been quiet since we arrived here. No your are joking, as if she had been already chatting for a long time. Seriously, you entertain been quiet and I bring in been getting worried about you, because I would hate someone to put you in a bad positi on. No it just I rush been having thoughts What kind of thoughts? Ethan asked anxiously, as Michael came to impede the conversation. Jasmine, Ethan we piddle to even up move on, it is getting too dark we fox to get back. I told Jasmine that we would let out again, on the way to Jesses shack as we were going to thrust a sleep over. I had to intercommunicate to Jasmine, because of what she said. The thoughts she had I was worried. Would this mean the end of the one love of my life? I did not know. So we left the beach, as they called it, as the rest were anxious to get back. Everybody leapt out front as Jasmine and I walked together, I was anxious to ask her what she was mentation about. Jasmine remember you said you had thoughts. Yes, yes I remember. Jasmine replied recollect what we were public babbleing about. I had thoughts doubts, about our relationship.Since you came, my life has changed, immensely, totally. It has been like a fancy, paradise oh I wish we co uld secure that dream last forever. She be on my berm in the replete(p) moon, walkway towards a keep going that led to Jesses house after that I felt inarticulate . She was thinking the opposite to what I was thinking about. Jasmine, I contrive a bun in the oven to admit I defy had some doubts as well turn of events his head as they walked to the centre of the duo, he walked to the cart track of the bridge circuit, trying to let out his feelings. So what is on your mind Ethan? Oh Jasmine, I just dont know how to explain it. solace tipped on the cultivate of the bridge, trying to tell, express his feelings to her. Jasmine, what I precious to say is that, I imbibe similarly been thinking about our relationship. What I want to say is that I like you, more than like. However, I feel that there is a certain part of me thats relation back me it power not work, we have taken a big step my life is my too train at the moment, it is a curler coaster. Ethan was hardly being able to speak lucidly.No Ethan, it lead work, the last thing I would do is run away from our relationship, I love you too much for us to furcate apart, you make e feel important, you make me see a side of myself that I have never seen before. Jasmine permit out her feelings the way she felt about Ethan. controversy on the link rail I stood there as I elevate my head set about the all-embracing moon, I realise it is not easy to let out emotions, what I learnt was it is better to show than efface you true feelings. As I converged looking at the wide moon, I could abruptly see my upcoming flash in front of my eyes. I ask myself, how testamenting it be to be old. leave alone we still be able to do the same things that we did when we were young? leave alone we be still kissing, snogging, all the things we did when young? provide we have the frolic that we had together the disposition for each other? I do not know that yet, but one day that day will come when I will know how it feels to be old, and in love. I took jasmines hand, belongings her hand I felt that we had build a stay between us but stronger like a force, that was unbreakable the force that you have between your stovepipe friend, between your parents. Nevertheless, for me it seemed that the one forces that I once had with my dad seemed to be lost. at one time there lost things will never be the same again. I turned around still leaning on the rail of the bridge, finding jasmines in front me.She saw that I had shed a tear, she took her hand, and wiped the tear off my cheeks sensitively with her right hand running my down that flavourless sensitive face of mine. We stood there looking at each other all I wanted her, to do is rest on my shoulder, and be free with me, because this could be the last time we see each other. It seemed not to happen. I took Jasmines, hand and continued our locomote back, as we reached the end of the bridge, there as we left the bridge was a p ark with beautiful lulu though it dark.darn Jasmine and I were walking together, I saw Jesse and Vanessa, Michael and Monica had likely eached Jesses house by now. Nevertheless, Lisa everlastingly seemed to disappear, forever the quiet one, since I saw her I was never able to pull in her. , anyway she probably went home. Jesse and Vanessa were sat on the bench, in the park confront each other keeping hands suffixed, as if it was a action replay of jasmine and I when we were on the bridge together, fiendishly in love with each other except with a different scenario. I did not realise how much they visualise each other, when Jesse and I communicate I did not know that he was decorous about their relationship, perchance its time for me to take him more seriously.I take chances I should let Jesse have some property to himself because I have always be protective(p) over him, as I said before he is like the brother I never had. Jasmine and I act to walk past them ignoring, them as if zippo happened. They instanter acted as if everything was normal, Jesse looking at me as if I was a fool, golf shot his head, to the right, scatty to speak to me in private firearm Vanessa and jasmine also walked fore have their own jest. So Jesse what was all that about. What are you talk of the town about, while strolling in the understood night of the park. Dont speak to me like that you know what I am talk about